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The publication deals with more general international legal issues connected with the Arab-Israeli conflicts. It is divided into four main parts. The first chapter contains a theoretical definition of the law of armed conflicts and types of armed conflict, it also seeks to classify terrorism from the point of view of international law. The second chapter briefly characterizes selected Arab-Israeli conventional conflicts, cases of Palestinian uprisings and violent events between them and after them. The third chapter is devoted to the application of the international law of armed conflicts to the events of selected conventional conflicts, in this part the main topics are the crime of aggression, the exercise of the right to self-defense and the prohibition of annexation of territory. The fourth chapter is focused on some current issues of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, attention is paid to cases of Palestinian terrorism and whether it is possible to view terrorism as a crime of aggression under international law. Attention is also paid to the political leadership of the Palestinian Authority and their relationship with the Hamas movement and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad organization. It is considered whether and to what extent it is possible to attribute the current actions of Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad to the Palestinian Authority. Furthermore, typical cases of current violent events are examined, especially rocket attacks from the Gaza Strip and terrorist attacks against the civilian population. This chapter also deals with the state of Israel's actions in the West Bank, which is a violation of international law, especially the construction of settlements for civilian purposes, efforts to legalize them, and other problems associated with occupation according to international law.